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Updated: Aug 22, 2025

Functional Characterization of RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases In Vitro and In Planta
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E3 Ubiquitin Ligase RNF125 Suppresses Immune Escape in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Regulating PD-L1

Cuihong Jiang1, Lili He2, Shuai Xiao2

  • 1Department of Head and Neck Radiotherapy (One), Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China. cuihongjiang0623@163.com.

Molecular Biotechnology
|November 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Ring finger protein 125 (RNF125) inhibits immune escape in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Overexpressing RNF125 reduces tumor progression and enhances T cell response by degrading programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1).

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant cause of cancer mortality.
  • E3 ubiquitin ligases play crucial roles in cancer immunotherapy, influencing immune evasion.
  • The specific role of RNF125 in HNSCC immune escape remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF125 on immune escape mechanisms in HNSCC.
  • To elucidate the molecular interaction between RNF125 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in HNSCC.

Main Methods:

  • Overexpression of RNF125 and PD-L1 in HNSCC cell lines.
  • Assessment of HNSCC cell behaviors (proliferation, migration, invasion) and immune cell responses (CD8+ T cell proliferation, cytokine release).
  • Analysis of PD-L1 ubiquitination, RNF125-PD-L1 interaction via co-immunoprecipitation, and in vivo tumor growth in nude mice.

Main Results:

  • RNF125 expression was low in HNSCC cells.
  • RNF125 overexpression inhibited HNSCC proliferation, migration, and invasion, while enhancing CD8+ T cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokine (IL-2, TNF-α) production.
  • RNF125 downregulated PD-L1 by promoting its ubiquitination and degradation, thereby suppressing HNSCC immune escape and tumor growth in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • RNF125 functions as a tumor suppressor in HNSCC by inhibiting immune escape.
  • RNF125 antagonizes PD-L1 expression and function, representing a potential therapeutic target for HNSCC immunotherapy.
  • Targeting RNF125 may enhance anti-tumor immunity in HNSCC patients.
Keywords:
CD8+ T cellsE3 ubiquitin ligasesHead and neck squamous cell carcinomaImmune escapeProgrammed death-ligand 1Ring finger protein 125Ubiquitinational degradation

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