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Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
Published on: October 27, 2020
Roles of TGF-β in cancer hallmarks and emerging onco-therapeutic design
Xiaofeng Dai1, Dong Hua2, Xiaoxia Lu3
1Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Abstract:
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a double-edged sword in cancer treatment because of its pivotal yet complex and roles played during cancer initiation/development. Current anti-cancer strategies involving TGF-β largely view TGF-β as an onco-therapeutic target that not only substantially hinders its full utilisation for cancer control, but also considerably restricts innovations in this field. Thereby, how to take advantages of therapeutically favourable properties of TGF-β for cancer management represents an interesting and less investigated problem. Here, by categorising cancer hallmarks into four critical transition events and one enabling characteristic controlling cancer initiation and progression, and delineating TGF-β complexities according to these cancer traits, we identify the suppressive role of TGF-β in tumour initiation and early-stage progression and its promotive functionalities in cancer metastasis as well as other cancer hallmarks. We also propose the feasibility and possible scenarios of combining cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) with onco-therapeutics utilising TGF-β for cancer control given the intrinsic properties of CAP against cancer hallmarks.
Insights
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) has dual roles in cancer, suppressing early stages but promoting metastasis. Novel strategies, like combining cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) with TGF-β therapeutics, could harness its benefits for cancer control.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cancer Biology
- Therapeutics
Background:
- Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) exhibits complex roles in cancer, acting as both a suppressor and promoter.
- Current anti-cancer strategies targeting TGF-β are limited by its dual functionality, hindering innovation.
- Understanding TGF-β's context-dependent roles is crucial for effective cancer management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To delineate the complex roles of TGF-β in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis.
- To explore novel therapeutic strategies that leverage the favorable properties of TGF-β in cancer treatment.
- To investigate the potential of combining cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) with TGF-β-based therapies.
Main Methods:
- Categorization of cancer hallmarks into critical transition events and enabling characteristics.
- Delineation of TGF-β's complex functionalities in relation to these cancer traits.
- Proposal of therapeutic scenarios integrating cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) with TGF-β onco-therapeutics.
Main Results:
- TGF-β suppresses tumor initiation and early-stage progression.
- TGF-β promotes cancer metastasis and other cancer hallmarks.
- Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) possesses intrinsic anti-cancer properties against various hallmarks.
Conclusions:
- TGF-β's dual role necessitates nuanced therapeutic approaches.
- Combining CAP with TGF-β therapeutics offers a promising strategy for comprehensive cancer control.
- Further investigation into synergistic therapeutic combinations is warranted.
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