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Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

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Published on: November 11, 2013

Constructing a Composite Structure by a Gradient Mg²⁺ Doping Strategy for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Xin Luo¹, Qun Huang¹, Yiming Feng¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, People's Republic of China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|November 8, 2022

Summary

Gradient Mg2+ doping stabilizes layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). This P2/P3@MgO structure enhances sodium-ion diffusion and electrochemical performance, improving capacity retention.

Keywords:

cycling stability layered cathode materials sodium-ion batteries structural stability surface gradient structure

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

Layered P2-Na0.67Mn0.67Ni0.33O2 is a promising cathode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs).
P2-Na0.67Mn0.67Ni0.33O2 suffers from P2-O2 phase transformation and interfacial reactions under high voltage, leading to degradation.
This limits the practical application of SIBs due to poor structural stability and capacity decay.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance the structural stability and electrochemical performance of layered P2-Na0.67Mn0.67Ni0.33O2 cathodes.
To mitigate hazardous phase transformation and interfacial reactions in SIBs.
To develop a novel doping strategy for advanced layered oxide cathodes.

Main Methods:

A gradient Mg2+ doping approach was employed.
Structural transformation was induced during an annealing process.
The formation of a P2/P3@MgO composite structure was achieved through bulk and surface Mg2+ incorporation.

Main Results:

The gradient Mg2+ doping successfully formed a P2/P3@MgO composite structure.
This structure combined the benefits of composite phases, bulk doping, and surface modification.
Na+ diffusion kinetics and electrochemical performance were significantly improved.
The P2/P3@MgO cathode exhibited 69.7% capacity retention at 0.2 C over 100 cycles (1.5-4.5 V), outperforming the undoped material (42.6%).

Conclusions:

Gradient Mg2+ doping is an effective strategy to stabilize layered oxide cathodes for SIBs.
The P2/P3@MgO structure offers enhanced structural integrity and electrochemical activity.
This approach provides valuable insights for designing high-performance layered oxide cathodes for next-generation energy storage systems.