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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

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Simultaneously tuning interlayer spacing and termination of MXenes by Lewis-basic halides.

Tianze Zhang^1,2, Libo Chang¹, Xiaofeng Zhang³

¹School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China.

Nature Communications

|November 8, 2022

Summary

A novel Lewis-basic halides treatment enables tuning of interlayer spacing and surface termination for various two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes). This method significantly enhances MXene properties, like lithium-ion storage capacity.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Electrochemistry

Background:

Surface and interface chemistry are critical for controlling the properties of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes).
While Ti3C2Tx MXene has been extensively studied, tuning interlayer spacing and surface termination of other MXenes remains a significant challenge.
Developing versatile methods to modify diverse MXene materials is highly desirable for expanding their applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a new method for simultaneously engineering the interlayer spacing and surface termination of various MXenes.
To demonstrate the effectiveness of Lewis-basic halides treatment for MXene modification.
To explore the impact of this treatment on the electrochemical performance of MXenes.

Main Methods:

Utilized a Lewis-basic halides treatment involving molten state Lewis-basic halides.
Employed nucleophilic reactions to substitute fluorine termination on MXene surfaces.
Investigated the changes in interlayer spacing and surface chemistry of treated MXenes.

Main Results:

Successfully engineered both interlayer spacing and surface termination of various MXenes using Lewis-basic halides.
Achieved substitution of -F termination and enlargement of interlayer spacing.
Ti3C2Tx MXene treated with this method exhibited a specific capacity of 229 mAh g-1 for Li+ storage, nearly double that of the pristine material.

Conclusions:

The Lewis-basic halides treatment offers a versatile approach for regulating MXene properties.
This method allows for simultaneous control over interlayer spacing and surface termination across different MXene types.
The enhanced properties, particularly in energy storage, suggest broad potential applications for treated MXenes in fields like energy storage and optoelectronics.