Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 22, 2025

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice
Published on: June 23, 2023
[Advances in the development of ocular cardiac reflex in extraocular muscle surgery]
1Tianjin Eye Hospital, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Clinical College of Ophthalmology of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin 300020, China.
Abstract:
Ocular cardiac reflex (OCR) usually occurs in ophthalmic surgery, especially in extraocular muscle(s) surgery. OCR generally can cause sinus bradycardia, arrhythmia, reduced atrial pressure, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular doublet, dizziness, nausea and other symptoms. Severe cases will appear cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, etc. Recent studies on the mechanism of OCR and the relationship between surgical operation and anaesthesia in extraocular muscle surgery and the occurrence of OCR are reviewed in this paper in order to reduce the occurrence of OCR and treatment of OCR in extraocular muscle surgery.
Related Concept Videos
Muscles of the Eye
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and...
Accessory Structures of the Eye
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

