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COVID-19 is not associated with worse long-term inflammatory bowel disease outcomes: a multicenter case-control study

Simon J Hong1, Sumona Bhattacharya2, Aiya Aboubakr3

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, NYU Langone Health, 305 East 33rd Street, 1st Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology
|November 9, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection did not significantly impact long-term inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) outcomes. However, severe COVID-19 cases showed a trend toward worse IBD prognosis, emphasizing continued prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management requires understanding potential impacts of concurrent infections.
  • Previous data suggested no immediate adverse outcomes for IBD patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
  • Long-term effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on IBD disease course remain under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the long-term influence of COVID-19 on the clinical trajectory of patients with IBD.
  • To assess if COVID-19 infection alters the risk of IBD-related hospitalizations or surgeries.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter case-control study was conducted involving IBD patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (cases) and without (controls) between February and December 2020.
  • The primary composite endpoint included IBD-related hospitalization or surgery.
  • Multivariate Cox regression analysis was employed to determine the association between COVID-19 and adverse IBD outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders.

Main Results:

  • The study included 251 cases and 251 controls with a median follow-up of 394 days.
  • No significant difference was observed in the primary composite outcome between cases and controls (12% vs. 15%, p=0.24).
  • COVID-19 was not associated with an increased risk of adverse IBD outcomes (aHR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.44-1.42). Severe COVID-19 showed a numerical increase in risk (aHR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.00-5.86), while mild-to-moderate cases did not (aHR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.38-1.23).

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 infection does not appear to have a significant long-term impact on the overall disease course for patients with IBD.
  • Severe COVID-19 cases demonstrated a numerically higher risk for adverse IBD outcomes, highlighting the need for vigilance.
  • Continued emphasis on risk mitigation and preventive measures for IBD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19inflammatory bowel diseaselong termoutcomes

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