Association Between Testicular Microlithiasis and Histological Subtype in Testicular Cancer

Background There is a clear association between testicular cancer and microlithiasis when there are predisposing risk factors such as the history of germ cell tumors in first-degree relatives, testicular atrophy, Klinefelter's syndrome, and cryptorchidism. This study aimed to establish an association between microlithiasis and the histological subtype of testicular cancer by analyzing data on Hispanic population. Methods A retrospective cohort, longitudinal, comparative, and analytic study was conducted on patients with a confirmed diagnosis of primary testicular cancer. The testicular ultrasounds were checked before any surgical treatment to find microlithiasis. We performed a binary logistic regression to establish an association between microlithiasis and the type of testicular cancer. Results A total of 130 clinical files were analyzed. Binary logistic regression showed no association between testicular microlithiasis and the subtype of testicular cancer (p = 0.438, 95% CI: 0.80-1.64). The result of the Pearson chi-square test showed no association (p = 0.184). We also analyzed the association between age and microlithiasis using the one-way ANOVA test (p = 0.82) and the association between age and the dichotomic subtype of testicular cancer (seminomatous and non-seminomatous) using the ANOVA one-way test, which showed no significant association in age and testicular cancer subtype (p = 0.178). Conclusions There was no association between testicular microlithiasis and the histological subtype of testicular cancer in our study. As mentioned before, we recommend conducting a more extensive study to provide further scientific evidence to establish a reliable association between microlithiasis and the subtype of testicular cancer since there is a discrepancy in the results of our study with the information previously reported. We encourage the study of characterization of risk factors among ethnic groups as this field has not been explored yet.