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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia
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miR-328-3p Affects Axial Length Via Multiple Routes and Anti-miR-328-3p Possesses a Potential to Control Myopia

Chung-Ling Liang1,2, Ku-Chung Chen3, Edward Hsi4

  • 1Bright Eyes Clinic, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|November 9, 2022
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Summary

MicroRNA-328-3p influences myopia development. Topical anti-microRNA-328-3p shows potential for myopia control, demonstrating efficacy and safety in animal models.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • MicroRNA-328-3p (miR-328-3p) was previously identified as a risk factor for myopia.
  • The specific mechanisms by which miR-328-3p influences myopia development require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of miR-328-3p on other myopia-related genes.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of anti-miR-328-3p for myopia control.

Main Methods:

  • Luciferase reporter assays and transient transfections were used to identify miR-328-3p target genes.
  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays examined retinoic acid receptor binding to the miR-328-3p promoter.
  • Myopia was induced in mice and rabbits, followed by topical administration of anti-miR-328-3p to assess therapeutic effects on axial length and ocular safety.

Main Results:

  • miR-328-3p was confirmed to dose-dependently decrease fibromodulin (FMOD) and collagen1A1 (COL1A1) expression.
  • FMOD was found to promote TGF-β1 expression and increase p38-MAPK and JNK phosphorylation.
  • Retinoic acid was shown to bind the miR-328-3p promoter, up-regulating its expression. Anti-miR-328-3p effectively suppressed axial elongation in myopic animal models, comparable to 1% atropine, with no observed toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNA-328-3p impacts myopia development through multiple pathways.
  • Anti-miR-328-3p represents a promising novel therapeutic strategy for myopia control due to its efficacy and safety profile.