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Related Concept Videos

Beams with Symmetric Loadings01:15

Beams with Symmetric Loadings

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The moment-area method is an analytical tool used in structural engineering to determine the slope and deflection of beams under various loads. Consider a cantilever with a concentrated load and moment at the free end. The first step is constructing a free-body diagram to calculate the reactions at the fixed end. Next, the bending moment diagram is plotted to visualize how the bending moment varies along the beam's length, focusing on points where the bending moment equals zero.
The M/EI...
231
Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings01:17

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Analyzing a supported beam under unsymmetrical loadings is essential in structural engineering to understand how beams respond to varied force distributions. This analysis involves calculating the deflection and identifying points where the slope of the beam is zero, which are crucial for ensuring structural stability and functionality.
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Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element01:16

Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element

276
To understand shear on the flat side of a prismatic beam element, consider the vertical and horizontal shearing forces, and the normal forces, acting on the element. The element's upper (U) and lower (L) sections, which are divided by the beam's neutral axis, are examined. The equilibrium of these forces is determined by applying the equilibrium equation, which helps identify the horizontal shearing force. This force is directly related to the bending moments and the cross-section's...
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Radial System Protection01:23

Radial System Protection

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Radial systems employ time-delay overcurrent relays to reduce load interruptions. When a fault occurs, the nearest breaker opens first, while upstream breakers remain closed due to longer delay settings. This approach ensures minimal disruption to the rest of the system.
In a radial system with a fault downstream of the third breaker, ideally, only the third breaker will open, isolating the fault and interrupting the load connected beyond it. The second breaker has a longer delay setting,...
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Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending01:23

Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending

349
The design of prismatic beams, structural elements with a uniform cross-section, focuses on ensuring safety and structural integrity under load. The design process begins by determining the allowable stress, either from material properties tables, or by dividing the material's ultimate strength by a safety factor. This safety factor is essential for accommodating uncertainties, and varies depending on the material—timber, steel, or concrete—with each having unique strength and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 22, 2025

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
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Radial phased-locked Laguerre-Gaussian correlated schell-model beam array.

Yaotian Yan1, Guiqiu Wang1, Yan Yin1

  • 1Department of Physics, College of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China.

Heliyon
|November 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A novel radial phased-locked Laguerre-Gaussian correlated Schell-model (LGCSM) beam array was developed. Its unique propagation properties allow intensity evolution from Gaussian to LGCSM beam arrays, controllable by coherence and beam order.

Keywords:
Beam arrayLaguerre–Gaussian correlationPartially coherent beamPropagation

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Free-space optical communication

Background:

  • Partially coherent beams are crucial for optical systems.
  • Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams and Schell-model beams have distinct properties.
  • Beam arrays offer enhanced control over light fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a novel radial phased-locked Laguerre-Gaussian correlated Schell-model (LGCSM) beam array.
  • Derive the propagation expression for this beam array in free space.
  • Investigate the influence of beam parameters on the array's intensity evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of the propagation expression for the radial phased-locked LGCSM beam array.
  • Theoretical analysis of beam propagation in free space.
  • Simulation or experimental validation of intensity evolution patterns.

Main Results:

  • The radial phased-locked LGCSM beam array exhibits unique propagation characteristics.
  • Intensity distribution evolves from a Gaussian beam array to an LGCSM beam array.
  • Coherence length and beam order of individual beamlets modulate the intensity evolution.

Conclusions:

  • The developed LGCSM beam array offers novel light field shaping capabilities.
  • The findings are significant for applications in free-space optical communication.
  • Control over coherence and beam order provides a new method for beam engineering.