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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography

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Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
Types of Echocardiography
Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE)
TTE is the most common type of echocardiogram which involves placing a transducer on the patient's chest, emitting sound waves to create heart images. TTE is invaluable for evaluating the heart's size, structure, and motion, making it particularly useful for...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography01:17

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Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion,...
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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 22, 2025

Transthoracic Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation
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Antiquated ejection fraction: Basic research applications for speckle tracking echocardiography.

Sarah L Sturgill1, Vikram Shettigar1, Mark T Ziolo1

  • 1Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.

Frontiers in Physiology
|November 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Ejection fraction is a common but limited measure of heart function in animal research. Advanced echocardiography offers deeper insights into cardiovascular performance tiers for better disease understanding.

Keywords:
cardiovascular performancecontractilityechocardiographyheart performancespeckle tracking

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Animal Research Models

Background:

  • Ejection fraction (EF) is a widely used but often oversimplified metric for assessing cardiac function in animal research.
  • Current research methods relying heavily on EF may lead to data misinterpretation.
  • Clinical cardiology has advanced beyond EF, enabling more comprehensive cardiovascular assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate between various tiers of cardiovascular performance.
  • To highlight the limitations of ejection fraction in animal research.
  • To advocate for advanced echocardiographic methods in basic science.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on cardiovascular function assessment.
  • Explanation of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) principles.
  • Comparison of EF with multi-tiered cardiovascular analysis.

Main Results:

  • Ejection fraction provides a singular view of heart performance, often insufficient for complex analysis.
  • Advanced echocardiography, particularly STE, allows for detailed assessment of cardiovascular performance, systolic and diastolic function, and contractility.
  • Understanding these distinct tiers is vital for accurate disease diagnosis and progression monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Basic scientists should move beyond sole reliance on ejection fraction.
  • Speckle tracking echocardiography offers a superior, multi-dimensional approach to evaluating cardiac function in animal models.
  • Adopting advanced echocardiographic techniques enhances the depth and accuracy of cardiovascular research.