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Hospitals offer medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, along with accommodation while they recover. At the same time, they also provide outpatient, emergency, psychiatric, and rehabilitation services to meet various community needs. In addition to providing medical care, hospitals also act as hubs for medical research and training. Hospitals use clinical procedures and evidence-based practice standards to deliver patient care. To deliver safe and efficient care, a nurse must stay up...
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Omphalitis Hospitalizations at a US Children's Hospital.

Gabrielle Hester1, Erin King1, Amanda Nickel1

  • 1Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

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|November 10, 2022
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Omphalitis (infant umbilical infections) in children rarely leads to severe complications or death. Wound cultures, not blood tests, effectively guided treatment, indicating a need for standardized care protocols.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Neonatal Care
  • Clinical Microbiology

Background:

  • Omphalitis, an umbilical cord infection in infants, requires understanding of its clinical spectrum.
  • Varied presentations and resource utilization necessitate a review of management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the demographics, clinical presentation, resource use, and outcomes of infants diagnosed with omphalitis.
  • To evaluate the utility of diagnostic tests in managing omphalitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective descriptive study of infants with omphalitis from January 2006 to December 2020.
  • Analysis of patient demographics, clinical signs, laboratory results (including wound and blood cultures), treatment duration, and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Most omphalitis cases presented with rash, fussiness, and fever; C-reactive protein levels were minimally elevated.
  • Wound cultures were positive in 89.7% of cases, primarily with gram-positive organisms, while blood cultures were positive in only 3.8%.
  • No omphalitis complications or deaths occurred; 6.4% of patients had a 30-day revisit for related causes. Median IV antibiotic duration was 5 days.

Conclusions:

  • Omphalitis management shows variability in presentation and treatment approaches.
  • Wound cultures are more valuable than blood tests for guiding omphalitis treatment.
  • Severe complications and mortality from omphalitis are rare in this cohort.