Disparities in heart transplantation

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Transplantation Medicine
• Health Equity

Background:

• Heart transplantation is the optimal treatment for end-stage heart failure.
• Significant barriers impede equitable access and influence outcomes in heart transplantation.
• Despite progress, disparities persist for racial/ethnic minorities and lower socioeconomic status groups.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes current and historical literature on heart transplantation disparities.
• It examines factors contributing to differential access and outcomes.
• The review identifies evidence gaps for future investigation.

Key Points:

• Disparities in heart transplantation are multifaceted, influenced by patient demographics, social factors, geopolitical issues, and provider bias.
• Progress in advanced heart failure therapies has not fully eliminated these inequities.
• Healthcare professionals must recognize and address these patient-facing disparities.

Conclusions:

• Persistent disparities in heart transplantation access and outcomes require urgent attention.
• Further research is essential to understand and mitigate these inequities.
• Systemic changes are necessary to ensure fair access to heart transplantation for all patients with end-stage heart failure.