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Related Concept Videos

Gene Regulation During Sporulation01:17

Gene Regulation During Sporulation

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Sporulation is a complex developmental process that allows certain Gram-positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species, to survive extreme environmental conditions. This process is tightly regulated by a series of signaling cascades and transcriptional controls, ensuring the formation of a highly resistant endospore.Sporulation is triggered by unfavorable conditions, such as nutrient depletion, and is governed by a phosphorelay system. One of the sensor kinases, such as...
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Endospores and Sporulation01:20

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Endospores are specialized, dormant cells primarily formed by Gram-positive bacteria, including Bacillus and Clostridium, enabling survival under extreme environmental conditions. Due to their unique composition and formation process, these structures are highly resistant to physical and chemical insults, such as extreme heat, ultraviolet and ionizing radiation, desiccation, and toxic chemicals. Rare instances of endospore-like structures have also been observed in some Gram-negative bacteria,...
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Visualization of Germinosomes and the Inner Membrane in Bacillus subtilis Spores
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CotG Mediates Spore Surface Permeability in Bacillus subtilis.

Anella Saggese1, Giovanni Di Gregorio Barletta1, Maria Vittoria1

  • 1Department of Biology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.

Mbio
|November 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Bacillus subtilis spore coat protein CotG controls permeability via its central repeats, influencing spore resistance and germination. This mechanism is common across Bacillus species, highlighting CotG

Keywords:
Bacillus subtilisendosporesgerminationpermeabilityspore coat

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Bacillus spores possess protective surface layers that regulate molecule penetration.
  • Spore coat proteins are crucial for maintaining spore integrity and function.
  • Limited permeability of the spore surface contributes to resistance against lytic enzymes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of CotG protein in Bacillus subtilis spore permeability.
  • To elucidate the structural contribution of CotG's central repeats to spore properties.
  • To understand the implications of CotG structure for spore resistance and germination.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic manipulation of CotG, including deletion and replacement of central repeats.
  • Assessment of spore resistance to lysozyme.
  • Evaluation of spore germination efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Deletion of CotG's central repeats, but not their replacement with charged repeats, altered spore resistance and germination.
  • The central repeats of CotG act as spacers, influencing interactions with other coat proteins.
  • CotG's central region controls spore coat permeability to external molecules.

Conclusions:

  • CotG's central repeats are critical for regulating Bacillus spore permeability.
  • The structure of CotG, particularly its repeat region, dictates spore resistance and germination efficiency.
  • The identified mechanism involving CotG is likely conserved across many Bacillus species.