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HDACi: The Columbus' Egg in Improving Cancer Treatment and Reducing Neurotoxicity?
Angelica Squarzoni1,2, Arianna Scuteri1, Guido Cavaletti1
1Experimental Neurology Unit and Milan Center for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Abstract:
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of enzymes that modify gene expression through the lysine acetylation of both histone and non-histone proteins, leading to a broad range of effects on various biological pathways. New insights on this topic broadened the knowledge on their biological activity and even more questions arose from those discoveries. The action of HDACs is versatile in biological pathways and, for this reason, inhibitors of HDACs (HDACis) have been proposed as a way to interfere with HDACs' involvement in tumorigenesis. In 2006, the first HDACi was approved by FDA for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; however, more selective HDACis were recently approved. In this review, we will consider new information on HDACs' expression and their regulation for the treatment of central and peripheral nervous system diseases.
Insights
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate gene expression and are implicated in diseases. This review explores HDACs and their inhibitors for treating central and peripheral nervous system disorders.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes regulating gene expression via protein acetylation.
- HDACs influence diverse biological pathways, including tumorigenesis.
- HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) are emerging therapeutics, with recent approvals for more selective agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review new information on HDAC expression and regulation.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of HDACs and HDACis in central and peripheral nervous system diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on HDACs and HDACis.
- Analysis of HDAC expression patterns in neurological conditions.
- Evaluation of HDAC inhibitor efficacy and selectivity.
Main Results:
- HDACs play a significant role in the pathogenesis of central and peripheral nervous system diseases.
- Emerging evidence supports the therapeutic potential of HDAC inhibitors in neurological disorders.
- Selective HDAC inhibitors show promise for targeted treatment strategies.
Conclusions:
- HDACs represent a promising therapeutic target for neurological diseases.
- Further research into HDAC regulation and inhibitor development is warranted for CNS and PNS conditions.
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