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The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like structures are present, generally one per cell. These are non-motile cilia in a 9+0 microtubules arrangement, where the central pair of microtubules are absent. The primary cilia arise from the basal body embedded in the cell membrane. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries requisite proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilium because the primary...
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The Primary Cilium and Neuronal Migration.

Julie Stoufflet1, Isabelle Caillé2,3

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Applied Genoproteomics (GIGA-R), University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium.

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|November 11, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The primary cilium (PC) acts as a crucial sensory organelle in neuronal migration. This review explores how the PC guides neuronal movement and regulates the rhythm of cyclic saltatory migration.

Keywords:
neuronal migrationprimary cilium

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The primary cilium (PC) is a microtubule-based organelle crucial for cellular functions.
  • Ciliopathies, disorders linked to PC dysfunction, highlight its importance in development, especially brain formation.
  • Neuronal migration is a fundamental process in neural development, involving complex cellular movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the primary cilium in cell motility, extending findings from non-neuronal cells to neuronal migration.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which the PC regulates the rhythm of cyclic saltatory neuronal migration.
  • To explore how extracellular cues sensed by the PC are transduced intracellularly to control neuronal migration machinery.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on primary cilia function in cell motility.
  • Analysis of studies investigating neuronal migration and the role of the PC.
  • Examination of research on signaling pathways, including cAMP, involved in PC-mediated migration.

Main Results:

  • The PC guides cell migration direction in non-neuronal cells.
  • In neurons, the PC regulates the rhythm of cyclic saltatory migration.
  • The PC exhibits rhythmic extracellular emergence during migration, linked to cAMP signaling at the centrosome.

Conclusions:

  • The primary cilium is essential for regulating the tempo of cyclic saltatory neuronal migration.
  • The PC acts as a 'beat maker' for neuronal migration, coordinating movement through rhythmic signaling.
  • Understanding PC function in neuronal migration offers insights into developmental processes and ciliopathies.