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Social Functioning and Autistic Behaviors in Youth Following Acquired Brain Injury

Rachel K Greene1, Natalia Rich-Wimmer1, Cydni N Williams2,3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Psychology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children surviving pediatric intensive care (PICU) with acquired brain injury (ABI) may face social challenges, sometimes resembling autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This review examines social sequelae and overlaps in youth post-ABI.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric intensive care medicine
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental psychology

Background:

  • Survivors of pediatric intensive care (PICU) with acquired brain injury (ABI) often experience long-term physical, cognitive, and social challenges, known as post-intensive care syndrome (PICS).
  • Social communication and interaction difficulties are increasingly recognized in youth following ABI, with some exhibiting profiles similar to autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review empirical research on social functioning in youth after ABI.
  • To explore the overlap in social and behavioral characteristics between youth with ABI and autistic youth.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of empirical research published between January 2009 and August 2022.
  • Searches conducted on PubMed and Scopus databases.
  • Inclusion of clinical case examples from a post-PICU follow-up program.

Main Results:

  • Growing literature documents social communication and interaction challenges in youth post-ABI.
  • A subset of youth with ABI display social and behavioral profiles resembling those of autistic youth.
  • Clinical cases highlight the complexity of social sequelae following ABI.

Conclusions:

  • Acquired brain injury in childhood can lead to significant social and communication deficits.
  • The overlap between ABI and autism spectrum disorder warrants further investigation and tailored interventions.
  • Understanding these social sequelae is crucial for comprehensive post-PICU care and rehabilitation.

Keywords:
acquired brain injuryautismpediatricsocial functioning

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