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Medication Adherence in Hypertensive Individuals in Panama 2019: A National Cross-Sectional Study
Carlos Guerra1,2, Eric Conte1, Angela Isabel Del Rio1,2
1Department of Research and Health Technology Assessment, Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 11, 2022
Summary
Most people with hypertension in Panama show low-moderate medication adherence. Factors like gender, education, and health status influence adherence, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to improve cardiovascular health.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Poor medication adherence is a significant public health issue, contributing to the high burden of cardiovascular disease in hypertensive patients.
- Hypertension management requires consistent medication adherence for effective blood pressure control and reduced cardiovascular risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the national prevalence of low-moderate medication adherence among hypertensive individuals in Panama.
- To identify gender-specific factors associated with low-moderate medication adherence in this population.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the 2019 Panamanian National Health Survey (ENSPA), including 3281 hypertensive individuals.
- Employed the 4-scale Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (4-MMAS) to assess adherence levels.
- Conducted multivariate logistic regression analyses, stratified by gender, to identify associated risk factors.
Main Results:
- The national prevalence of low-moderate medication adherence was 78.2%. Prevalence was 74.4% in men and 81.4% in women.
- In women, adherence was linked to living in indigenous areas, anxiety/depression diagnosis, and increased BMI.
- In men, adherence was associated with secondary education, current smoking, denial of hypertension diagnosis, and fewer than three annual check-ups.
Conclusions:
- Low-moderate medication adherence is highly prevalent among hypertensive individuals in Panama, representing a critical public health challenge.
- Gender-specific factors significantly influence medication adherence, necessitating tailored public health strategies for hypertension management.
- Addressing these factors is crucial for improving blood pressure control and mitigating cardiovascular disease burden in the Panamanian hypertensive population.
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