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Mortality Risk Factors for Coronavirus Infection in Hospitalized Adults in Brazil: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Rafael Alves Guimarães1, Raquel Silva Pinheiro2, Hellen da Silva Cintra de Paula2

  • 1Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-080, GO, Brazil.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|November 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Older age, male sex, certain races, low education, and comorbidities increased COVID-19 mortality risk in hospitalized Brazilians. Public health policies should target high-risk groups and regions.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant global morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic impact.
  • Brazil experienced a high burden of COVID-19 cases, ranking third worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality among adult COVID-19 patients in Brazil.

Main Methods:

  • An observational retrospective cohort study utilized data from 468,226 hospitalized COVID-19 patients across Brazil (January-July 2021).
  • Data were sourced from the influenza epidemiological surveillance system.
  • Cox regression analysis was employed to determine mortality risk factors.

Main Results:

  • The in-hospital mortality rate was 37.5%.
  • Key mortality risk factors included older age, male sex, Black or mixed race, lower education, presence of comorbidities, and need for ventilatory support.
  • Geographic disparities were observed, with higher risk in the Southeast, North, and Northeast regions.

Conclusions:

  • The findings highlight the severe impact of COVID-19 in Brazil.
  • Public health strategies must prioritize high-risk populations and regions, emphasizing non-pharmacological interventions and vaccination.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19mortalityrisk factors

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