State of the Art in Lung Nodule Localization

Lung nodule and ground-glass opacity localization for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes is often a challenge for thoracic surgeons. While there are several adjuncts and techniques in the surgeon's armamentarium that can be helpful, accurate localization persists as a problem without a perfect solution. The last several decades have seen tremendous improvement in our ability to perform major operations with minimally invasive procedures and resulting lower morbidity. However, technological advances have not been as widely realized for lung nodule localization to complement minimally invasive surgery. This review describes the latest advances in lung nodule localization technology while also demonstrating that more efforts in this area are needed.