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Animal Models Used in Monkeypox Research.

Marianna Domán1, Enikő Fehér1, Renáta Varga-Kugler1

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Summary

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a growing zoonotic threat. Research into its reservoirs, pathogenesis, and transmission in mammals and non-human primates offers insights for prevention and vaccine development.

Keywords:
animal modelsemerging infectious diseasesmonkeypox virusreservoirvaccinezoonosis

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Area of Science:

  • * One Health: Zoonotic Disease Epidemiology
  • * Virology: Viral Pathogenesis and Transmission
  • * Public Health: Emerging Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • * Monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic disease with increasing global prevalence.
  • * Limited understanding exists regarding its natural reservoirs, biological mechanisms, and disease management.
  • * African rodents are suspected reservoirs, but other mammals, including pets and livestock, may play a role in spillover events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection dynamics in potential reservoir species and non-human primates.
  • * To elucidate MPXV pathogenesis, virulence factors, and transmission routes.
  • * To inform the development of effective prevention strategies and vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • * Experimental MPXV infection studies in selected mammalian species and non-human primates.
  • * Epidemiological and field investigations of MPXV in natural settings.
  • * Analysis of viral genetic data and host-pathogen interactions.

Main Results:

  • * Novel findings regarding MPXV pathogenesis and virulence factors were uncovered.
  • * Insights into the transmission dynamics of MPXV in various host species were obtained.
  • * Experimental infections provided valuable data on host susceptibility and viral spread.

Conclusions:

  • * Understanding MPXV reservoirs and transmission is crucial for public health.
  • * Research findings contribute to designing targeted prevention measures.
  • * The study provides a foundation for developing effective MPXV vaccines.