An EBG-Based Triple-Band Wearable Antenna for WBAN Applications

In this article, a triple-band wearable monopole antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) with an integrated electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) array is proposed. The monopole antenna consists of an asymmetric inverted U-shaped strip, a horizontal branch, and an L-shaped ground stub, which can generate the 2.45/5.8 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) band and the 3.5 GHz worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) band. To reduce the influence of antenna radiation on the human body, a triple-band 3 × 3 EBG array has been integrated into the back of the monopole antenna. The EBG unit is composed of two rectangular rings and a circular ring, and the operating frequencies correspond to the triple bands of the monopole antenna. In this paper, the impedance and radiation performances of the stand-alone monopole antenna and the integrated antenna are analyzed, and the safety for the human body is evaluated based on specific absorption rate (SAR) values. The proposed triple-band antenna can be used in wearable devices in wireless body area networks (WBANs).