Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 22, 2025
06:34
Validation of Therapeutic Agent Conjugation to Polyvinyl Alcohol-Coated Medical Devices
Published on: November 29, 2024
316
Anthocyanins Formulated with Carboxymethyl Starch for Gastric and Intestinal Delivery
Luiz Bruno De Sousa Sabino1, Francesco Copes2, Solène Saulais3
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Av. Mister Hull, 2977, Campus Universitário do Pici, Fortaleza 60356-000, Ceará, Brazil.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 11, 2022
Summary
Jambolan anthocyanins in carboxymethyl starch tablets show strong interactions and pH-dependent release. These formulations ensure complete anthocyanin delivery and stability throughout the simulated gastrointestinal tract.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Materials Science
- Nutraceuticals
Background:
- Anthocyanins from jambolan possess antioxidant properties.
- Carboxymethyl starch is a potential polymer for drug delivery systems.
- Controlled release of bioactive compounds is crucial for therapeutic efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize carboxymethyl starch-based tablets containing jambolan anthocyanins.
- To evaluate the release profiles of anthocyanins in simulated gastric (SGF) and intestinal (SIF) fluids.
- To assess the stability and antioxidant activity of anthocyanins within the tablet formulations.
Main Methods:
- Formulation of carboxymethyl starch tablets with powdered jambolan extract.
- In vitro dissolution studies in SGF and SIF at various pH levels.
- Structural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy.
- Assessment of anthocyanin stability and antioxidant activity.
Main Results:
- Strong interactions observed between jambolan anthocyanins and carboxymethyl starch via SEM and IR analysis.
- Tablet dissolution behavior was pH-dependent, influenced by polymer swelling and erosion.
- Formulations achieved immediate, fast (2h), and sustained (12h) release profiles.
- Complete delivery (100%) of anthocyanins to simulated gastrointestinal tract sites was achieved.
- Anthocyanins maintained their antioxidant activity post-delivery.
Conclusions:
- Carboxymethyl starch is a suitable matrix for developing anthocyanin delivery systems.
- The developed tablets provide effective and stable delivery of jambolan anthocyanins.
- These formulations hold potential for nutraceutical applications requiring controlled release and preserved bioactivity.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents
304
Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
Adsorbents...
304
01:19Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
237
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
Acarbose and miglitol are...
237
00:57Carbohydrate Digestion
116.4K
Carbohydrate digestion and metabolism break down simple and complex carbohydrates from food into saccharides (i.e., sugars) for the body to use as energy. Carbohydrate digestion starts in the mouth during mastication, or chewing. The masticated carbohydrates remain intact in the stomach. Digestion resumes in the duodenum of the small intestine, where pancreatic alpha-amylase and brush border enzymes of the microvilli convert complex carbohydrates to monosaccharides. Finally, the monosaccharides...
116.4K
01:20Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry
248
Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
248
01:18Drug Delivery: Enteral Route
625
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
625
01:24Cholinergic Antagonists: Pharmacokinetics
542
Cholinergic antagonists—such as antimuscarinics—are available in oral, topical, ocular, parenteral, and inhalational formulations. Most antimuscarinics are oral formulations, while scopolamine is available as a topical patch, and ipratropium and tiotropium are available as inhalation aerosols or powders. Atropine, tropicamide, and cyclopentolate are topically instilled in the eye. Most antimuscarinics are lipid-soluble and readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and...
542