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Clinical features of infants with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Feifan Xiao1, Meiling Tang2, Kai Yan1

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China.

Annals of Palliative Medicine
|November 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Twenty percent of infants infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were asymptomatic. Most infants with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experienced mild symptoms, with fever, cough, and nasal symptoms being most common.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a significant global health concern.
  • Infants represent a vulnerable population requiring specific attention regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes.
  • This meta-analysis specifically examines the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in infants.

Approach:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.
  • Studies published before May 1, 2022, focusing on clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 in infants were systematically screened and data extracted.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to determine the proportions of asymptomatic, mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 cases, alongside common clinical features.

Key Points:

  • The meta-analysis included 44 studies comprising 6,304 infants diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infections.
  • A significant proportion, 20%, of infants with SARS-CoV-2 were asymptomatic.
  • The most prevalent clinical features observed were fever (64%), cough (34%), and nasal symptoms (31%).

Conclusions:

  • The findings indicate that a substantial number of infants infected with SARS-CoV-2 remain asymptomatic.
  • The majority of infants with COVID-19 exhibit mild symptoms, suggesting a generally less severe disease course in this age group compared to adults.
  • Fever, cough, and nasal symptoms are the primary clinical indicators of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pediatric population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Clinical featurescoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)infantsmetasevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

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