Knowledge on ethnogynaecology of Indian Tribes- a comprehensive review

Area of Science:

• Ethnobotany and Ethnomedicine
• Pharmacognosy
• Traditional Indian Medicine

Background:

• Ethnogynaecology studies the use of medicinal plants for gynecological ailments by traditional practitioners in India.
• There is a need to document and scientifically evaluate indigenous knowledge of ethnogynaecology for potential drug development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To document ethno-gynecological knowledge among various communities in India.
• To identify bioactive compounds responsible for the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants used in ethnogynaecology.
• To compile information on plant parts used, formulations, dosage, and specific ethno-gynecological applications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of ethnobotanical and ethnogynaecological studies published between 1985 and 2021.
• Inclusion of 300 articles from scientific databases (e.g., PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science).
• Focus on common gynecological issues: abortion, contraception, infertility, menstruation, leucorrhoea, and obstetrics.

Main Results:

• Leucorrhoea, abortion, contraception, infertility, and menstrual irregularities are major ethno-gynecological concerns in India.
• Madhya Pradesh reported the highest number of ethno-gynecological records; several tribal populations were extensively studied.
• Plant parts like roots are widely used, with compounds like phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids showing potential activity against gynecological disorders.

Conclusions:

• Indigenous ethno-gynecological knowledge from Indian tribes significantly contributes to healthcare and drug discovery.
• Medicinal plants, particularly roots, show efficacy for gynecological conditions like infertility, obstetrics, and menstrual issues.
• Further experimental validation and standardization are crucial to confirm the efficiency of these traditional remedies and promote sustainable use.