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Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss01:57

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 22, 2025

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils
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Quantification of human contribution to soil moisture-based terrestrial aridity.

Yaoping Wang1,2, Jiafu Mao3, Forrest M Hoffman4

  • 1Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.

Nature Communications
|November 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Human activities, particularly greenhouse gas emissions, are driving significant changes in global soil moisture and terrestrial aridity. This research quanties these impacts and projects future aridification trends, aiding drought and flood risk management.

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Area of Science:

  • Earth and Environmental Sciences
  • Climate Science
  • Hydrology

Background:

  • Spatiotemporal patterns of terrestrial aridity changes remain uncertain.
  • Soil moisture is a key indicator of aridity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze historical and project future changes in soil moisture-based terrestrial aridity.
  • To attribute observed aridification to human forcings.
  • To improve future projections using emergent constraints.

Main Methods:

  • Calculation of Standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSI) from multi-source merged data.
  • Detection and attribution analysis of human forcings on SSI trends.
  • Application of emergent constraint methods for future projections under SSP5-8.5.

Main Results:

  • Widespread drying observed in global midlatitudes (1971-2016).
  • Wetting detected in northern subtropics and specific northern latitudes during spring.
  • Human forcings, especially greenhouse gases, significantly influence SSI changes across different soil depths and seasons.
  • Future projections indicate continued human influence and accelerated drying in shallower soil layers (0-10 cm).

Conclusions:

  • Human activities are the predominant drivers of heterogeneous terrestrial aridification.
  • Findings provide a scientific basis for enhanced drought and flood risk management strategies.
  • Understanding soil moisture dynamics is crucial for climate change adaptation.