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Establishment of the Dual Humanized TK-NOG Mouse Model for HIV-associated Liver Pathogenesis
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HIV and liver disease: a comprehensive update

Kenneth E Sherman1, David L Thomas2

  • 1University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

Topics in Antiviral Medicine
|November 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Liver disease remains a significant problem for people with HIV, driven by viral infections, metabolic issues, and lifestyle factors. Addressing these multifactorial causes is crucial for improving health outcomes in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Infectious Diseases
  • HIV Medicine

Background:

  • Liver disease significantly impacts morbidity and mortality in people with HIV.
  • Causes are multifactorial, including viral hepatitis, steatosis, oxidative stress, and substance toxicities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex etiology of liver disease in people with HIV.
  • To highlight the role of biopsychosocial factors in liver injury and fibrosis.
  • To discuss the evolving epidemiology of liver disease, including rising cancer rates.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on HIV-associated liver disease.
  • Analysis of contributing factors: viral, metabolic, toxicological, and psychosocial.

Main Results:

  • HIV-associated liver disease stems from a complex interplay of factors.
  • Biopsychosocial elements like mental health, food insecurity, and stigma exacerbate liver injury.
  • Increasing rates of hepatocellular carcinoma indicate a shifting disease landscape.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of liver disease in people with HIV requires a comprehensive, multifactorial approach.
  • Addressing both medical and psychosocial determinants is essential for mitigating liver disease progression.
  • The rising incidence of liver cancer necessitates ongoing epidemiological surveillance and targeted interventions.

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