Novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in gestational diabetes mellitus

Area of Science:

• Genetics
• Obstetrics
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant pregnancy complication.
• Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are increasingly recognized for their role in GDM pathogenesis.
• Understanding SNP associations can improve GDM risk prediction and patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent studies (last 10 years) on the association between SNPs and GDM.
• To identify novel SNPs implicated in GDM development.
• To discuss the potential clinical utility of SNPs in GDM.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of studies published in the last decade.
• Focus on research identifying novel SNPs associated with GDM.
• Synthesis of findings on specific gene-SNP associations.

Main Results:

• Several SNPs were identified as associated with GDM, including in genes HMG20A, CDKAL1, ADIPOQ, MTHFR, IL10, CDKN2B, and TRPM5.
• Specific SNP identifiers (e.g., rs7178572, rs7756992) are linked to GDM risk.
• The review consolidates recent genetic findings in GDM research.

Conclusions:

• Specific SNPs show association with GDM, contributing to understanding its genetic basis.
• The predictive, diagnostic, and therapeutic roles of these SNPs in GDM are not yet fully established.
• Further research is needed, particularly in diverse ethnic groups, to explore the clinical application of SNPs in managing this polygenic disease.