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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

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Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers,...
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Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
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Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

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Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
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Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...
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Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 22, 2025

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The Journey from Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection to Third Space Endoscopy.

Haruhiro Inoue1, Marc Julius H Navarro1, Yuto Shimamura1

  • 1Digestive Diseases Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Toyosu 5-1-3, Koto-Ku, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan.

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America
|November 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Endoscopic submucosal dissection and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery have advanced flexible endoscopic surgery. This review covers the development of peroral endoscopic myotomy and its role in submucosal endoscopy.

Keywords:
POEMSubmucosal endoscopyThird space endoscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Endoscopy
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • The development of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has introduced new endoscopic devices, including specialized knives and high-frequency electrosurgical units.
  • The concept of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has significantly propelled advancements in flexible endoscopic surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development and evolution of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM).
  • To examine the expansion of POEM within the broader field of submucosal endoscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the genesis and progression of peroral endoscopic myotomy.
  • Analysis of the impact of endoscopic innovations on surgical techniques.

Main Results:

  • The advent of ESD and NOTES has created a fertile ground for innovative endoscopic procedures.
  • Peroral endoscopic myotomy has emerged as a significant development, expanding the capabilities of submucosal endoscopy.

Conclusions:

  • Peroral endoscopic myotomy represents a key innovation in minimally invasive endoscopic surgery.
  • The continuous evolution of endoscopic devices and techniques is expanding the scope of endoscopic interventions.