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Author Spotlight: Advancing Alzheimer's Research – Exploring Early Detection and Multi-Omics Approaches

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Gut microbiome, cognitive function and brain structure: a multi-omics integration analysis.

Xinxiu Liang^1,2, Yuanqing Fu², Wen-Ting Cao^3,4

¹College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

Translational Neurodegeneration

|November 15, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Specific gut microbes like Bacteroides may protect against cognitive decline and are linked to larger hippocampal volume. These findings suggest a role for the gut microbiome in dementia development.

Keywords:

Brain structure Cognitive impairment Cohort Gut microbiome Metagenomics Microbiome–gut–brain axis

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Area of Science:

Microbiome research
Neuroscience
Aging

Background:

The gut-brain axis is implicated in age-related cognitive decline and brain structure changes.
Large human cohort data linking the gut microbiome to cognitive function and brain structure is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate associations between gut microbiome composition, cognitive impairment, and brain structure.
Utilize multi-omics data from three independent populations for comprehensive analysis.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 1430 participants from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS) including gut microbiome, cognitive, and brain imaging data.
Fecal 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing, serum metabolomics, and cytokine measurements.
Validation in an Alzheimer's disease cohort and a separate community-based cohort.

Main Results:

Protective associations of Odoribacter, Butyricimonas, and Bacteroides with cognitive impairment were identified.
Odoribacter showed a positive association with hippocampal volume, potentially mediated by acetic acid.
Cognitive impairment was linked to increased intra-individual gut microbial alterations, specific metabolites, and inflammatory pathways.

Conclusions:

Specific gut microbial features are significantly associated with cognitive impairment and reduced hippocampal volume.
These gut microbial associations may play a crucial role in the development of dementia.