Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

8.6K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
8.6K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

3.2K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
3.2K
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

3.5K
The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
3.5K
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

11.9K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
11.9K
Structure of Porins01:21

Structure of Porins

3.1K
Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and gram-negative bacteria have transmembrane, beta-barrel proteins called porins to mediate the free diffusion of ions and metabolites across the membrane. Mitochondrial porin precursors contain conserved amino acid sequences called beta signals at their C-terminal. Beta signals have a  motif of PoXGXXHyXHy (Po-Polar, X-Any amino acid, G-Glycine, Hy-LargeHydrophobic), which are crucial for precursor recognition to initiate precursor assembly. Beta-barrel...
3.1K
Mitochondrial Protein Sorting01:39

Mitochondrial Protein Sorting

4.4K
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death.  Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
4.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Long-Term Static Cultivation Alters Lipid Metabolism and Bioenergetic Capacity in A549 Cells.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Correction: The effect of aging in thin films in the picosecond sonar experiment.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Exploring morphological variation and evolutionary adaptation during biological invasions in fish.

Journal of fish biology·2025
Same author

Electrical pulse stimulation reflecting the episodic nature of real-life exercise modulates metabolic and secretory profile of primary human myotubes.

FEBS open bio·2025
Same author

The effect of aging in thin films in the picosecond sonar experiment.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Lithium compromises the bioenergetic reserve of cardiomyoblasts mitochondria.

Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 21, 2025

Visualization and Quantification of Endogenous Intra-Organelle Protein Interactions at ER-Mitochondria Contact Sites by Proximity Ligation Assays
08:27

Visualization and Quantification of Endogenous Intra-Organelle Protein Interactions at ER-Mitochondria Contact Sites by Proximity Ligation Assays

Published on: October 20, 2023

1.7K

Two Different Phospholipases C, Isc1 and Pgc1, Cooperate To Regulate Mitochondrial Function.

Maria Balazova1, Petra Vesela2, Lenka Babelova1

  • 1Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Microbiology Spectrum
|November 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Deleting Pgc1, a phospholipase, rescues mitochondrial dysfunction caused by Isc1 absence. This study reveals lipid-based mitochondrial adaptation, linking phospholipid and sphingolipid biosynthesis for cellular homeostasis.

Keywords:
ceramidediacylglycerolphosphatidylethanolaminephosphatidylglycerolphospholipase Crespiration

More Related Videos

Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Sensitivity to Na+ Reveals Partially Segmented Functional CoQ Pools
05:27

Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Sensitivity to Na+ Reveals Partially Segmented Functional CoQ Pools

Published on: July 20, 2022

1.9K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mitochondrial Contact Sites and Architectural Insights
07:55

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mitochondrial Contact Sites and Architectural Insights

Published on: June 16, 2023

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 21, 2025

Visualization and Quantification of Endogenous Intra-Organelle Protein Interactions at ER-Mitochondria Contact Sites by Proximity Ligation Assays
08:27

Visualization and Quantification of Endogenous Intra-Organelle Protein Interactions at ER-Mitochondria Contact Sites by Proximity Ligation Assays

Published on: October 20, 2023

1.7K
Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Sensitivity to Na+ Reveals Partially Segmented Functional CoQ Pools
05:27

Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Sensitivity to Na+ Reveals Partially Segmented Functional CoQ Pools

Published on: July 20, 2022

1.9K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mitochondrial Contact Sites and Architectural Insights
07:55

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mitochondrial Contact Sites and Architectural Insights

Published on: June 16, 2023

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to the absence of Isc1, a yeast homologue of neutral sphingomyelinase type 2.
  • Mitochondria adapt to cellular demands, but the regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of phosphatidylglycerol (PG)-specific phospholipase Pgc1 in rescuing mitochondrial defects caused by Isc1 deletion.
  • To elucidate the lipid-mediated mechanisms coordinating mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic deletion of PGC1 in an ISC1 deletion yeast strain.
  • Measurement of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) levels and cytochrome c oxidase activity.
  • In vitro enzyme activity assays for Isc1 and Psd1.
  • Analysis of lipid biosynthesis regulation through feedback loops.

Main Results:

  • Deletion of PGC1 restored PE levels and cytochrome c oxidase activity in isc1Δ cells.
  • PG inhibited Isc1 and Psd1 activities, while diacylglycerol regulated PG biosynthesis via Pgs1.
  • Pgc1 activity was modulated by Isc1 hydrolysis products, indicating a functional interplay.

Conclusions:

  • A lipid-based model for mitochondrial adaptation is proposed, involving the interplay between mitochondrial phospholipids and sphingolipid biosynthesis.
  • The coordination of mitochondrial structure and function with cellular metabolism is achieved through lipid homeostasis.
  • Free diffusion of lipids facilitates this regulation, offering a simple and universal cellular control principle.