Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

15.6K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
15.6K
Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding01:25

Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding

143
Confounding is a critical issue in epidemiological studies, often leading to misleading conclusions about associations between exposures and outcomes. It occurs when the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is mixed with the effects of other factors that influence the outcome. Given that, addressing confounding is of high importance for drawing accurate inferences in research.
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
143
Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report01:21

Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report

927
An Incident or Occurrence Report in a healthcare setting is a crucial document used to record any unexpected occurrence that may or may not have affected a patient, employee, or visitor. Such reports are critical to improving patient safety and include all details leading up to and including the event.
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
927
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

157
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
157
Sampling Plans01:23

Sampling Plans

238
Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
Random sampling is a method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It involves selecting individuals randomly, often using random number generators or lottery-type methods. For example, when analyzing the properties of a...
238
Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors01:15

Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors

1.9K
In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A novel reflective intelligence optimizer with machine learning (RIO-ML) for parameter estimation of photovoltaic models.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Policy pathways and historical insights: Canada's evolving approach to psychedelic access for end-of-life distress.

The International journal on drug policy·2026
Same author

Treatment Preferences of Patients With Myasthenia Gravis: A Qualitative Study.

Muscle & nerve·2026
Same author

Facilitators and Barriers to Integrating Trauma-Informed Care in Undergraduate Nursing Education.

Global qualitative nursing research·2026
Same author

Bone marrow hemophagocytosis in patients with hematological malignancies and COVID-19 infections: mimicry or secondary HLH?

Journal of hematopathology·2026
Same author

"Safer supply is the thing that changes everything": the role of prescribed safer supply in rebuilding trust following experiences of medical abandonment.

BMC public health·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 21, 2025

Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter
05:10

Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter

Published on: February 18, 2021

3.5K

Spotting as a risk mitigation method: A qualitative study comparing organization-based and informal methods.

Melissa Perri1, Adrian Guta2, Nat Kaminski3

  • 1Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

The International Journal on Drug Policy
|November 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Informal and organization-based spotting (remote supervision of substance use) both aid overdose crisis mitigation. Informal spotting builds social connections but lacks support, while organization-based spotting offers training but faces regulatory barriers.

Keywords:
COVID-19Harm reductionOverdose responseSpotting

More Related Videos

Using Coculture to Detect Chemically Mediated Interspecies Interactions
08:29

Using Coculture to Detect Chemically Mediated Interspecies Interactions

Published on: October 31, 2013

13.7K
Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
09:04

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Published on: April 18, 2019

12.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 21, 2025

Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter
05:10

Measuring the Behavioral Effects of Intraocular Scatter

Published on: February 18, 2021

3.5K
Using Coculture to Detect Chemically Mediated Interspecies Interactions
08:29

Using Coculture to Detect Chemically Mediated Interspecies Interactions

Published on: October 31, 2013

13.7K
Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow
09:04

Identifying Per- and Polyfluorinated Chemical Species with a Combined Targeted and Non-Targeted-Screening High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Workflow

Published on: April 18, 2019

12.5K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Substance Use Research
  • Sociology

Background:

  • The overdose crisis necessitates innovative harm reduction strategies.
  • Spotting, or remote supervision of substance use, is an emerging intervention.
  • Understanding different spotting models is crucial for effective implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare organization-based and informal spotting methods.
  • To explore perspectives of both spotters and those being spotted.
  • To identify benefits and limitations of each approach across Canada.

Main Methods:

  • Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 participants (20 informal, 10 organization-based) in Ontario and Nova Scotia.
  • Participants included both spotters and spottees.
  • Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Informal spotting enhances social connections and autonomy in overdose response.
  • Lack of support for informal spotters leads to stress and burnout.
  • Organization-based spotting provides training and support but regulatory burdens deter participation.

Conclusions:

  • Both informal and organization-based spotting models are valuable for harm reduction.
  • Further research is needed to optimize these services for diverse populations and jurisdictions.
  • Addressing regulatory barriers and support systems is key for future development.