Spontaneous renal cyst rupture in a female patient: A case report

Spontaneous renal cyst rupture is a rare disease process. Renal masses are heterogeneous tumors that can be benign masses to cancers. This case report aims to provide a brief overview of the renal cyst, clinical symptoms, and management considerations for similar cases.

A previously healthy 30-year-old complained of left back pain a few days ago. There were no abnormalities in the physical and laboratory examination, so CT Scan Abdomen with contrast was performed. It was found that there was a 7.4 cm × 7.0 cm × 7.0 cm cyst. The patients undergo conservative management. Three months later, the patient suddenly fell with severe left back pain. Due to suspicion of spontaneous rupture of the renal cyst, the patient underwent exploration and bleeding control.

The advice to wear an abdominal corset is mandatory to protect against the renal cyst. Atraumatic renal hemorrhage has been associated with a classic Lenk's triad (hypovolemic shock, flank mass, and severe flank pain). The definitive management of renal cyst rupture is initiated by resuscitation, followed by an angiographic embolization or surgical management.

The conservative management should be accompanied by advice to use an abdominal corset to protect the left flank from unintentional pressure.