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Updated: Aug 21, 2025

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Magnetically encoded 3D mesostructure with high-order shape morphing and high-frequency actuation.

Rui Li1, Cong Zhang1, Jiawen Li1

  • 1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.

National Science Review
|November 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed magnetically encoded 3D mesostructures using PET film for high-frequency, large-deformation shape morphing. These reconfigurable structures enable untethered, high-order actuation for diverse applications in robotics and microelectronics.

Keywords:
high-frequency actuationhigh-order deformationmagnetically encodedmorphable 3D mesostructures

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Origami/kirigami-inspired 3D mesostructures offer reversible shape-morphing capabilities.
  • Developing morphable 3D mesostructures with high-order deformation and untethered high-frequency actuation remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel scheme for magnetically encoded, transferable 3D mesostructures capable of high-order deformation and untethered actuation.
  • To address the limitations of current morphable 3D mesostructures regarding deformation complexity and actuation frequency.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of 3D mesostructures using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film as a skeleton and discrete magnetic domains as actuation units.
  • Encoding 3D discrete magnetization profiles via ultraviolet curing to achieve high-order deformation (hierarchical, multidirectional, blending).
  • Actuation of reconfigurable mesostructures using an alternating magnetic field.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated high-order deformation capabilities, including hierarchical, multidirectional, and blending shape morphing.
  • Achieved high-frequency (∼55 Hz) and large-deformation (∼66.8%) actuation under an alternating magnetic field.
  • Successfully transferred and attached PET-based mesostructures to various solid substrates due to PET's properties.

Conclusions:

  • The developed magnetically encoded 3D mesostructures offer advanced shape-morphing and actuation capabilities.
  • These reconfigurable structures pave the way for novel functional devices, including displays, mixers, flashlights, and robots.
  • The findings provide new perspectives for advancements in robotics and microelectronics.