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Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role...
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Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 21, 2025

Rodent Model of Masseter Volumetric Muscle Loss for Studying Bioengineering Materials
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Novel Approach for Midface Attractiveness.

Koji Yamamoto1

  • 1Cozy Yamamoto Dental Clinic, Ama, Aichi, Japan.

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open
|November 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The novel A-10 surgery combines a titanium plate with artificial dermis to treat midface depression and nasal ala base issues. This minimally invasive procedure effectively enhances facial convexity and aesthetics.

Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Facial Reconstruction
  • Biomaterials in Medicine

Background:

  • Midface depression presents aesthetic challenges, with existing treatments having limitations.
  • The Point A-Koji method improves the nasolabial angle but not nasal ala base depression.
  • A need exists for effective, minimally invasive solutions for midface contouring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate the efficacy of the A-10 surgery for correcting midface depression and nasal ala base concavity.
  • To assess the impact of A-10 surgery on facial convexity and soft tissue volume.
  • To determine the integration and nature of the inserted artificial dermis.

Main Methods:

  • The A-10 surgery was developed, combining the Point A-Koji method with artificial dermis insertion at the nasal ala base.

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  • The procedure was performed on a 34-year-old female patient with midface depression and mouth protrusion.
  • Postoperative assessment included measurements of facial convexity, nasal ala base soft tissue thickness, and CT analysis of the graft.

    • Main Results:

    • Facial convexity increased by 3.7 degrees six months post-surgery.
    • Soft tissue thickness at the nasal ala base increased by 2.15 mm.
    • CT scans indicated the artificial dermis successfully integrated as dermal-like tissue.

    Conclusions:

    • A-10 surgery is a safe and minimally invasive option for midface depression.
    • The procedure effectively improves facial morphology and creates a three-dimensional appearance.
    • Autologous tissue integration contributes to the positive aesthetic outcomes.