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The Association Between Rainfall, Temperature, and Reported Drinking Water Source: A Multi-Country Analysis
Andrea G Buchwald1, Evan Thomas2, Kristopher B Karnauskas1,3
1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Colorado School of Public Health Aurora CO USA.
Geohealth
|November 16, 2022
Summary
Climate change impacts safe water access. Higher temperatures reduce basic drinking water (BDW) use, while increased rainfall boosts it, especially affecting vulnerable populations.
Area of Science:
- Environmental health
- Climate science
- Public health
Background:
- Climate change poses risks to safe drinking water access, with significant health implications.
- Understanding weather's influence on water source utilization is crucial for public health in vulnerable regions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the relationship between temperature, rainfall, and basic drinking water (BDW) utilization in The Gambia, Mozambique, Pakistan, and Kenya.
- To identify key weather variables affecting BDW access and explore potential interactions with socioeconomic factors.
Main Methods:
- Utilized random forests and logistic regression to analyze weather data (temperature, precipitation) and BDW use.
- Compiled weather data from stations and satellites, accounting for long-term patterns, short-term variations, and lags.
- Defined BDW based on World Health Organization criteria and assessed consistent availability.
Main Results:
- Higher temperatures correlated with decreased BDW use at three of four sites and reduced consistent BDW availability at all sites.
- Increased long- and short-term rainfall was associated with increased BDW use in three sites.
- Interactions between household wealth and weather variables were observed, indicating heightened sensitivity in lower-wealth populations.
Conclusions:
- Temperature and precipitation changes significantly affect safe water access in low-resource settings.
- Weather-driven alterations in water access disproportionately impact vulnerable populations.
- Investigating these relationships is vital for developing climate resilience strategies for water security.
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