Campylobacter jejuni: A Previously Unreported Cause of Toxic Shock Syndrome

This is a case of a previously healthy middle-aged woman who presented with dyspnea after several days of an acute diarrheal illness. She developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring mechanical ventilation and met clinical and laboratory criteria for toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Stool studies were positive for Campylobacter jejuni. After a literature review, this was found to be the only reported case of C. jejuni gastroenteritis leading to TSS. This is the first documentation of TSS as a rare, life-threatening, complication of Campylobacter infection.