An Unusual Case of Acute Confusion in an Elderly Man: Pituitary Apoplexy With Lateral Rectus Palsy

Mansoor Zafar1, Vivienne Mccallum2, Alexandra Nash2

  • 1Gastroenterology, General Internal Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, GBR.

Cureus
|November 16, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Elderly patients with confusion are often diagnosed with delirium due to infection. This case highlights a rare cause: hypothalamic/pituitary issues, suggesting a new mnemonic, PINCH ME HOT, for diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Delirium in the elderly is commonly attributed to infections, pain, or environmental factors.
  • The mnemonic "PINCH ME" (Pain, Infection, Neurological, Constipation, Hypercalcemia, Metabolic, Environment) is often used to guide diagnosis.
  • Sudden confusion in elderly patients necessitates a broad differential diagnosis beyond common causes.