Diabetes and bone
Iana Mizumukai de Araújo1, Mariana Lima Mascarenhas Moreira1, Francisco José Albuquerque de Paula2
1Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|November 16, 2022
Summary
Diabetes and osteoporosis are common globally, increasing fracture risk in adults. This review explores the links between diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis, impacting fracture risk and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology and Bone Metabolism
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects 1 in 11 adults, with type 2 DM comprising 90%.
- Osteoporosis significantly increases fracture risk, affecting 1 in 3 women and 1 in 5 men over 50.
- Aging contributes to insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, hyperglycemia, and a negative bone balance, elevating fracture risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the parameters increasing fracture risk in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM).
- To examine the interplay between diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis.
- To discuss mutual factors influencing the treatment of both conditions.
Main Methods:
- This study is a narrative review.
- Literature search on diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, and fracture risk was conducted.
Main Results:
- Diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2) is associated with an elevated risk of fractures.
- Specific bone damage patterns differ between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
- Complex interactions exist between diabetes and osteoporosis, influencing bone health.
Conclusions:
- Individuals with diabetes have a higher risk of fractures due to complex pathophysiological changes.
- Understanding the relationship between diabetes and osteoporosis is crucial for effective management.
- Integrated treatment strategies are needed for patients with both conditions.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Bone Disorders
3.8K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
3.8K
01:19Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer
56
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
56
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
648
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
648
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
1.1K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
1.1K
01:02What is the Skeletal System?
53.2K
Overview
53.2K
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.6K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.6K