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Related Concept Videos

RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 21, 2025

Efficient PAM-Less Base Editing for Zebrafish Modeling of Human Genetic Disease with zSpRY-ABE8e
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Prime editing: a search and replace tool with versatile base changes.

Yao Liu1, Xian-Hui Zhou1, Shu-Hong Huang1

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology/International Joint Research Center of Animal Bio-breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China.

Yi Chuan = Hereditas
|November 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prime editing is a versatile CRISPR/Cas genome editing tool. This technology enables precise DNA modifications like point mutations and small insertions/deletions in various organisms for gene therapy and agriculture.

Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas9applicationoptimizationprime editor

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Prime editing (PE) is an advanced CRISPR/Cas system.
  • It utilizes a reverse transcriptase fused to a Cas9 nickase (PE2).
  • Prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA) directs precise DNA modifications.

Conclusions:

  • Prime editing offers precise and versatile genome editing capabilities.
  • PE has broad applicability in research, medicine, and agriculture.
  • Further research and optimization will enhance PE's utility and safety.