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Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
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Updated: Aug 21, 2025

Optimization of Crystal Growth for Neutron Macromolecular Crystallography

Optimization of Crystal Growth for Neutron Macromolecular Crystallography

Published on: March 13, 2021

Crystal growth in confinement.

Felix Kohler^1,2, Olivier Pierre-Louis³, Dag Kristian Dysthe⁴

¹The NJORD Centre, Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P.O. box 1048 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.

Nature Communications

|November 17, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Crystal growth in confined spaces is common but poorly understood. This study reveals how molecular layers drive confined crystal growth, impacting natural and industrial processes.

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Optimization of Crystal Growth for Neutron Macromolecular Crystallography

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Crystallization of Membrane Proteins in Lipidic Mesophases

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Published on: March 28, 2011

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Crystallography
Geophysics

Background:

Crystal growth in confined environments is crucial in nature and industry.
Mechanisms altering crystal shape and growth under confinement remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanisms of crystal growth under confinement.
To investigate how confinement affects crystal nucleation, propagation, and morphology.

Main Methods:

Novel in situ optical observations of NaClO3 and CaCO3 crystal growth.
Nanometric distance measurements between crystal surfaces and a glass substrate.
Analysis of molecular layer dynamics and mass transport.

Main Results:

Demonstrated homogeneous nucleation and uninterrupted propagation of molecular layers even in solid contact.
Identified confined growth governed by 2D mass transport, leading to skewed dislocation spirals and kinetic localization.
Observed directed instabilities during confined crystal growth.

Conclusions:

Confined crystal growth is driven by specific molecular layer dynamics.
Macroscopic crystal elevation occurs through uninterrupted layer propagation.
Confined growth morphologies can be predicted using three dimensionless parameters.