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Muscles of the Anterior Neck01:26

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The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
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The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
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The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
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The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
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Five-headed superior omohyoid.

K Maślanka1, N Zielinska1, R S Tubbs2,3,4,5,6,7

  • 1Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.

Folia Morphologica
|November 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A rare five-headed superior omohyoid muscle was documented, highlighting anatomical variations. Understanding omohyoid muscle anatomy is crucial for neck surgeries.

Keywords:
additional headclinical implicationscompressionmyofascial pain syndromeomohyoid muscleplastic surgeryreconstructive surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Morphology
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • The omohyoid muscle, an infrahyoid muscle, plays a key role in hyoid bone depression and positioning.
  • This muscle exhibits significant morphological variability in its bellies' origin, insertion, and overall structure.

Observation:

  • A unique case involving a five-headed superior omohyoid muscle is presented.
  • All observed bellies originated from an intermediate tendon and inserted onto the hyoid bone.

Findings:

  • The superior belly of the omohyoid muscle displayed a larger than usual volume.
  • Quantitative variations in the superior belly are infrequently reported in anatomical literature.

Implications:

  • Detailed knowledge of omohyoid muscle anatomy, including its variations, is essential for surgeons performing procedures in the anterolateral neck.
  • Awareness of such anatomical anomalies can aid in preventing surgical complications and improving patient outcomes.