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Updated: Aug 21, 2025

Synthesis and Characterization of an Aspirin-fumarate Prodrug that Inhibits NFκB Activity and Breast Cancer Stem Cells

Synthesis and Characterization of an Aspirin-fumarate Prodrug that Inhibits NFκB Activity and Breast Cancer Stem Cells

Published on: January 18, 2017

Ficus crocata leaf extracts decrease the proliferation and invasiveness of breast cancer cells.

Lorena Cayetano-Salazar¹, Brenda de la Cruz-Concepción¹, Napoleón Navarro-Tito¹

¹Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo 39090, Guerrero, Mexico.

|November 17, 2022

Summary

Leaf extracts from Ficus crocata show potential against aggressive triple-negative breast cancer. Dichloromethane and acetone extracts reduced cancer cell proliferation and invasion, offering hope for new neoadjuvant therapies.

Keywords:

Cell invasion Complementary therapy Ficus Moraceae Triple-negative breast cancer

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Published on: October 25, 2018

Area of Science:

Phytochemistry
Cancer Biology
Pharmacology

Background:

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype resistant to standard therapies.
Ficus species are used in traditional medicine for treating malignant diseases.
Ficus crocata leaf extracts previously demonstrated in vitro antiproliferative activity against tumor cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effect of Ficus crocata leaf extracts (hexane, dichloromethane, acetone) on breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion.
To assess the impact of these extracts on the invasive capacity of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines.

Main Methods:

Phytochemical profiling using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Assessment of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion using MTT, wound closure, and transwell assays.
Analysis of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and F-actin distribution.

Main Results:

Hexane, dichloromethane, and acetone extracts exhibited cytotoxic effects on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, sparing non-tumor cells.
Dichloromethane and acetone extracts significantly reduced cancer cell migration and invasion at 5-10 μg/mL.
These extracts inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity and altered F-actin distribution, crucial for invasion.

Conclusions:

Dichloromethane and acetone extracts of Ficus crocata effectively decrease breast cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness, particularly in MDA-MB-231 cells.
These findings support the potential of Ficus crocata leaf extracts as a complementary approach in neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer, especially TNBC.
Further research into Ficus crocata compounds could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for reducing tumor progression.