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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 21, 2025

Frame-by-Frame Video Analysis of Idiosyncratic Reach-to-Grasp Movements in Humans
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Posture dependent factors influence movement variability when reaching to nearby virtual objects.

Preyaporn Phataraphruk1, Qasim Rahman1, Kishor Lakshminarayanan1

  • 1Visuomotor Learning Laboratory, School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|November 17, 2022
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Summary

Movement variability in reaching tasks depends on initial arm posture and visual feedback. Postural effects on execution noise interact with visual feedback to influence reach endpoint variability in 3D space.

Keywords:
executionnoiseplanningproprioceptionvision

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Reaching movements exhibit variability due to noise in sensing, planning, and execution.
  • Visual feedback influences reach endpoint variability, particularly internal noise in movement planning.
  • Without vision, variability depends more on movement direction, suggesting increased execution noise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if initial arm posture influences reaching variability, particularly execution noise.
  • To determine if postural effects on variability are more pronounced without visual feedback.
  • To examine the interaction between posture, visual feedback, and movement variability.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed memory-guided reaching movements in two arm postures (adducted/abducted).
  • Variability was assessed for movements with identical endpoint coordinates but different joint/muscle configurations.
  • The influence of visual feedback (present/withheld) on variability was examined.

Main Results:

  • Reaching variability patterns differed significantly based on initial arm posture.
  • Postural effects on variability were observed at movement onset, midpoint, and endpoint.
  • Posture-dependent effects interacted with visual feedback at movement endpoints.

Conclusions:

  • Initial arm posture significantly impacts reaching variability, suggesting posture-dependent execution noise.
  • Execution noise, influenced by posture, interacts with visual feedback and biomechanics.
  • These interactions collectively shape reach endpoint variability in three-dimensional space.