Three-dimensional printing in maxillofacial surgery: A quantum leap in future

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering
• Medical Technology

Background:

• Three-dimensional (3D) printing applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) have gained traction due to decreased costs and increased accessibility.
• The technology offers diverse applications including anatomical models, occlusal splints, surgical guides, and patient-specific implants.

Observation:

• Anatomical models facilitate improved understanding of pathologies for surgeons and enhanced patient communication.
• Pre-operative planning with 3D models and mock surgeries increase surgical precision and reduce operative duration.
• Patient-specific implants and guiding splints enable accurate reconstruction of jawbone form and function.

Findings:

• 3D printing is effectively utilized in managing facial deformities, aesthetic disturbances, and various jaw pathologies.
• Case examples demonstrate successful applications in condylar hyperplasia, jaw tumors, facial asymmetry, apertognathia, and chin augmentation.
• The technology allows for superior replication of original anatomical form through computer-aided design and custom implants.

Implications:

• 3D printing significantly enhances surgical planning, precision, and patient outcomes in OMFS.
• The technology holds substantial potential for future advancements in treating complex craniofacial conditions.
• Further exploration of 3D printing techniques, advantages, limitations, and future scope is crucial for its continued integration into OMFS.