Integrated Bioinformatics-Based Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Carotid Atherosclerosis

Ferroptosis, a type of cell death caused by phospholipid peroxidation, has lately been linked to the onset and development of numerous illnesses. Numerous investigations have demonstrated the close relationship between lipid peroxidation and carotid atherosclerosis. In order to get new knowledge for targeted therapy, bioinformatics analysis was employed in this study to discover the probable ferroptosis-related genes of carotid atherosclerosis.

The GSE43292 gene expression dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes were screened by R software and then analyzed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, differential gene correlation analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway, and Gene Ontology (GO) terminology enrichment analysis to explore the functional role.

In samples of atherosclerosis, we found 33 ferroptosis genes that were differentially expressed, including 21 upregulated genes and 12 downregulated genes. These differentially elevated genes were mainly connected to the ferroptosis and glutathione metabolism pathways, according to GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. We also discovered 10 hub genes and 2 important modules through the analysis of the PPI network and the creation of key modules.

The current findings imply that the carotid atherosclerosis phenomenon involves ferroptosis, and 10 important genes associated to ferroptosis may play a role in the development of carotid atherosclerosis. This study offered a novel approach to future research on the carotid atherosclerosis pathogenic processes and treatment targets.