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Patient-Reported Outcomes at Return to Sport After Lateral Ankle Sprain Injuries: A Report From the Athletic Training

Kenneth C Lam1, Ashley N Marshall2, R Curtis Bay1

  • 1Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ.

Journal of Athletic Training
|November 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Athletes with lateral ankle sprains (LAS) often return to sport with lingering pain and functional deficits, despite feeling improved. This highlights a potential gap in recovery before full readiness for athletic activity.

Keywords:
Global Rating of Functiondisablementfunctionnumeric pain rating scalepain

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Limited research exists on patient-reported outcomes after lateral ankle sprain (LAS) recovery.
  • Assessing patient perceptions of health status, pain, function, and disability is crucial for return-to-sport decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate patient self-reports of health status, pain, function, and disability upon medical clearance for return to sport after a lateral ankle sprain (LAS).

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive study was conducted across 69 athletic training facilities in 24 states.
  • 637 patients diagnosed with LAS, restricted from sport, and medically cleared within 60 days were included.
  • Patient-reported outcomes including Global Rating of Change, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Global Rating of Function, and Global Rating of Disability were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests.

Main Results:

  • Most LAS injuries occurred in basketball, football, or soccer, with return to sport occurring approximately 8 days post-injury.
  • Over two-thirds of patients reported meaningful health status improvement, yet significant deficits persisted in function (86.2%), pain (65.1%), and disability (35.8%) at return to sport.
  • No significant sex-based differences were observed in pain, function, health status change, or disability, though males returned slightly sooner.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with LAS frequently return to sport with residual pain, functional limitations, and disability, despite reporting overall health improvement.
  • This suggests athletes may be cleared for unrestricted participation before achieving full physical recovery from their lateral ankle sprain injury.