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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Organization of the Brain01:30

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COVID-19: Brain Effects.

Ebony Dix1, Kamolika Roy1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George St., Suite 901, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.

The Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|November 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) impacts the brain, causing neurological issues in patients with COVID-19. Research is ongoing to understand these effects, especially in older adults, and to develop treatments.

Keywords:
COVID-19ImmunosenescenceLong COVIDNeuroinflammationNeuroinvasionNeuropsychiatrySARS-CoV-2

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents with diverse symptoms, including neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations.
  • The aging brain exhibits increased vulnerability, exacerbating COVID-19 complications and mortality in the elderly.
  • Understanding the precise mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion and neuropathogenesis is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of COVID-19's effects on the brain.
  • To highlight the heightened risk and vulnerability of the elderly population to these neurological complications.
  • To underscore the need for further research into the pathogenesis and etiology of these brain effects.

Main Methods:

  • Review of emerging scientific literature on COVID-19 and its neurological impact.
  • Analysis of clinical observations and case studies related to acute and post-acute COVID-19 neurological symptoms.
  • Synthesis of data regarding the specific vulnerabilities of the aging brain to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 demonstrably affects the brain, leading to a spectrum of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms.
  • Elderly individuals face a disproportionately higher risk of severe illness, complications, and death due to age-related brain vulnerability.
  • The exact pathways and causes of COVID-19's impact on the brain remain incompletely understood.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 poses a significant threat to brain health, particularly in older adults.
  • Further investigation into the pathogenesis and etiology of COVID-19's neurological effects is essential.
  • Promising evidence suggests future research will lead to effective interventions for managing these brain complications.