Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

204
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
204
Schemas01:42

Schemas

11.7K
A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
11.7K
Storage01:23

Storage

123
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
123
Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving01:06

Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving

4.3K
In multiple dimensions, the conservation of momentum applies in each direction independently. Hence, to solve collisions in multiple dimensions, we should write down the momentum conservation in each direction separately. To help understand collisions in multiple dimensions, consider an example.
A small car of mass 1,200 kg traveling east at 60 km/h collides at an intersection with a truck of mass 3,000 kg traveling due north at 40 km/h. The two vehicles are locked together. What is the...
4.3K
Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

681
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
681
Self-Schemas02:16

Self-Schemas

31.4K
In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
31.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Navigating Practical, Political, and Ethical Challenges of Long-Term Human Biology Field Research: The Shuar Health and Life History Project.

American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council·2026
Same author

The emergence of cooperative behaviors, norms, and strategies across five diverse societies.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Reproductive inequality in humans and other mammals.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2023
Same author

Low prevalence of anemia among Shuar communities of Amazonian Ecuador.

American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council·2021
Same author

Pathogen disgust sensitivity protects against infection in a high pathogen environment.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2021
Same author

Constraint and trade-offs regulate energy expenditure during childhood.

Science advances·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Visualizing Visual Adaptation
04:43

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

9.1K

Imaginary worlds are attractive because they simulate multiple adaptive problems and encode real-world information.

Lawrence Sugiyama1

  • 1Anthropology Department, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA sugiyama@uoregon.edu.

The Behavioral and Brain Sciences
|November 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This article explores why humans find fictional environments so engaging. The authors propose that these worlds act as simulations of ancestral challenges, allowing people to process useful information across various domains. By triggering emotional systems, these narratives provide a safe space to practice solving problems relevant to survival and social success.

Keywords:
narrative engagementadaptive behaviorcognitive simulationsancestral environments

Frequently Asked Questions

More Related Videos

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback
05:43

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback

Published on: May 23, 2019

5.5K
Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
06:53

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

Published on: March 1, 2017

13.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Visualizing Visual Adaptation
04:43

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

9.1K
Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback
05:43

Applying Incongruent Visual-Tactile Stimuli during Object Transfer with Vibro-Tactile Feedback

Published on: May 23, 2019

5.5K
Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
06:53

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

Published on: March 1, 2017

13.3K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary psychology and cognitive science
  • Imaginary worlds research within behavioral biology

Background:

No prior work has fully resolved why humans dedicate significant time to engaging with fictional environments. Prior research has shown that organisms typically avoid exploration without specific functional goals. That uncertainty drove scholars to look for adaptive explanations for such behaviors. It was already known that cognitive systems are tuned to ancestral environmental cues. This gap motivated an inquiry into how imaginary settings might serve biological functions. Prior studies often overlooked the multifaceted nature of these simulated domains. No previous framework had linked narrative engagement to the regulation of specific information-processing adaptations. This study addresses how these mental constructs might encode relevant data for survival.

Purpose Of The Study:

The aim of this study is to explain why humans find fictional environments attractive from an evolutionary perspective. This research addresses the specific problem of why individuals dedicate time to non-real scenarios. The authors seek to determine if these mental constructs serve a functional role in information processing. This motivation stems from the observation that organisms typically avoid aimless exploration. The study investigates how these worlds might simulate ancestral adaptive problems to provide useful data. The researchers aim to clarify the relationship between narrative engagement and specialized psychological adaptations. They explore how the breadth of information within these worlds influences their popularity. This work seeks to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the biological utility of imaginative play.

Main Methods:

The authors utilized a theoretical synthesis approach to examine the functional aspects of narrative engagement. This review approach involved evaluating existing literature on exploratory behavior and cognitive adaptations. The researchers analyzed how mental simulations interact with ancestral environmental cues. They mapped the relationship between fictional content and specific information-processing domains. The investigation focused on identifying the underlying mechanisms that drive human interest in non-real environments. By integrating concepts from behavioral biology, the team constructed a model of narrative utility. This methodology prioritized the identification of adaptive problems embedded within fictional scenarios. The study synthesized evidence to explain why these mental constructs are consistently attractive to human subjects.

Main Results:

Key Findings From the Literature indicate that these environments simulate multiple adaptive problems, solutions, and outcomes. The authors report that engagement with these simulations triggers numerous emotional systems simultaneously. The research shows that these worlds encode real-world information relevant to ancestral survival. The study highlights that exploratory behavior is strictly regulated by inputs from specialized adaptations. The findings demonstrate that fictional settings provide potentially useful data for navigating complex environments. The analysis reveals that the appeal of these worlds is proportional to the spectrum of information domains they contain. The authors confirm that organisms do not engage in exploration without specific functional drivers. The results suggest that the popularity of these narratives is a direct consequence of their utility in processing adaptive information.

Conclusions:

The authors propose that fictional settings function as complex simulations of diverse survival challenges. Synthesis and Implications suggest that these environments activate various emotional systems to facilitate learning. The researchers argue that the appeal of these narratives stems from the breadth of information they contain. This work implies that engagement with such content is not merely recreational but serves a cognitive purpose. The authors suggest that these simulations allow individuals to rehearse solutions for ancestral adaptive problems. The evidence indicates that the popularity of these worlds is tied to their utility in processing environmental data. The study concludes that human interest in fiction is regulated by specialized psychological adaptations. These findings offer a new perspective on the evolutionary origins of storytelling and imaginative play.

The researchers propose that these environments function as simulations of ancestral challenges. By engaging diverse emotional systems, they allow individuals to practice solving problems related to survival and social navigation, providing potentially useful information for real-world application.

The authors identify these as holistic representations of environments. These constructs encode information across multiple domains of ancestral adaptive relevance, serving as a comprehensive tool for processing data that was historically significant for human survival.

According to the researchers, this is necessary because organisms do not explore for the sake of exploration alone. Specialized psychological adaptations require specific inputs from domains that were historically significant to ensure that exploratory behavior remains functional and goal-oriented.

The authors treat these as complex data sets. These representations act as a medium that encodes various solutions and outcomes, allowing the brain to interact with simulated scenarios that mimic the structure of real-world environmental challenges.

The researchers measure this through the engagement of numerous emotional systems. This phenomenon reflects the activation of specialized adaptations that respond to the simulated problems and outcomes presented within the narrative structure of the fictional world.

The authors imply that the popularity of these narratives is best understood by analyzing the full spectrum of information domains they comprise. This suggests that the breadth of simulated content directly correlates with the level of human interest.