Lung metastases pattern in limb osteosarcoma: A population-based study from 2010 to 2018

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Oncology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Osteosarcoma (OS) is a prevalent malignant bone tumor, with a high proportion affecting the limbs.
• Lung metastases (LM) are a common and significant complication of limb OS, impacting patient prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify prognostic factors for limb OS with LM.
• To assess risk factors associated with LM in limb OS patients.
• To evaluate the impact of various factors on the survival rates of limb OS patients with LM.

Main Methods:

• Utilized data from 1694 new cases of limb OS from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2010-2018).
• Employed Cox regression for prognostic factor identification and logistic regression for risk factor assessment.
• Applied Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests to determine overall survival and compare outcomes.

Main Results:

• Identified 287 patients (16.94%) with limb OS and LM.
• Significant correlations with LM included tumor size >100mm, T2 stage, N1 stage, and presence of bone metastases.
• Age 25-59, telangiectatic osteosarcoma, and central osteosarcoma were identified as high-risk factors for LM.
• Elderly age, black race, and absence of surgery were associated with poorer survival outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Age between 25 and 59 years, telangiectatic osteosarcoma, and central osteosarcoma are high-risk factors for LM in limb OS.
• Surgical treatment of the primary site is a critical factor that significantly increases survival rates in these patients.
• Understanding these factors can guide treatment strategies and improve outcomes for limb osteosarcoma patients with lung metastases.