Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles01:32

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

3.2K
Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
3.2K
Activation of Integrins01:15

Activation of Integrins

3.5K
Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
3.5K
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:39

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

105.1K
Overview
105.1K
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation01:31

Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation

2.7K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
2.7K
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs01:15

Receptor Downregulation in MVBs

2.1K
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that  lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR  stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive  EGFR...
2.1K
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins01:22

Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins

7.4K
Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. They remain GDP-bound or GTP-bound inside the cells and switch between inactive/active states. The Gα subunit possesses the nucleotide-binding pocket that binds guanine nucleotides and switches between GDP or GTP-bound states. In contrast, the Gꞵ and Gγ subunits are always bound together with high...
7.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Liposomal bupivacaine in peri-articular injection reduces opioid consumption and improves early prognosis of total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders·2026
Same author

<i>Et</i>G6PI Is Implicated in Host Cell Invasion and Maduramycin Resistance in <i>Eimeria tenella</i>.

Microorganisms·2026
Same author

Dual DNAzyme-loaded Treg-derived extracellular vesicles for targeted ocular delivery in diabetic retinopathy.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Nanocrystal-tailored recombination for all-perovskite tandem solar modules.

Nature·2026
Same author

Integrative Single-Cell and Bulk Transcriptomic Analysis Defines a Molecular Stratification Strategy Based on Intra-Tumoral Heterogeneity in Acral Melanoma.

Pigment cell & melanoma research·2026
Same author

AjTEAD1 Targets AjCyclin E to Promote Cell Proliferation During Intestinal Regeneration in <i>Apostichopus japonicus</i>.

Biomolecules·2026
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM
12:28

Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM

Published on: April 2, 2014

13.7K

Force-induced wrapping phase transition in activated cellular uptake.

Ke Xiao1, Rui Ma2, Chen-Xu Wu2

  • 1Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325016, People's Republic of China and Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China.

Physical Review. E
|November 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models how active pathogens, like Listeria monocytogenes, enter host cells. It reveals active forces trigger unique wrapping transitions and membrane protrusions, unlike passive cell entry.

More Related Videos

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.2K
Micromanipulation Techniques Allowing Analysis of Morphogenetic Dynamics and Turnover of Cytoskeletal Regulators
12:52

Micromanipulation Techniques Allowing Analysis of Morphogenetic Dynamics and Turnover of Cytoskeletal Regulators

Published on: May 12, 2018

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM
12:28

Imaging Plasma Membrane Deformations With pTIRFM

Published on: April 2, 2014

13.7K
Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.2K
Micromanipulation Techniques Allowing Analysis of Morphogenetic Dynamics and Turnover of Cytoskeletal Regulators
12:52

Micromanipulation Techniques Allowing Analysis of Morphogenetic Dynamics and Turnover of Cytoskeletal Regulators

Published on: May 12, 2018

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Theoretical Biology

Background:

  • Intracellular pathogens utilize host cell entry mechanisms, including passive endocytosis and active self-propulsion.
  • While passive particle uptake is well-studied, active pathogen entry, exemplified by Listeria monocytogenes, remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theoretical model investigating the adhesive wrapping of self-propelled particles by a host cell's plasma membrane.
  • To elucidate the distinct mechanisms governing active versus passive cellular entry.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a theoretical framework to simulate the interaction between active particles and cell membranes.
  • Analysis of phase diagrams to identify different wrapping states and transitions.
  • Investigation of the role of active force in membrane deformation and protrusion formation.

Main Results:

  • A novel first-order wrapping transition from partial to more extensive wrapping, triggered by active force, was identified.
  • The phase diagram for active wrapping exhibits greater complexity than that for passive adhesion-driven wrapping.
  • Active forces exceeding a critical threshold can induce tubular membrane protrusions.

Conclusions:

  • Active forces play a crucial role in dictating the dynamics and outcomes of pathogen cellular entry.
  • The theoretical model provides insights into activity-driven cellular entry mechanisms for self-propelled particles.
  • Findings may guide future research on the cellular invasion strategies of active pathogens.